Certificate of Origin
Also known as: CO, Origin declaration, EUR.1, Form A
The document that proves where goods were made, used to claim preferential FTA tariff rates or for country-of-origin marking.
A Certificate of Origin (CO) certifies the country where goods were substantially produced. Two principal types: non-preferential (issued by chambers of commerce, used for country-of-origin marking, AD/CVD, embargo compliance) and preferential (used to claim free-trade-agreement preferential tariff rates). Each FTA has its own format: USMCA Certification of Origin, EUR.1 (EU), Form A (GSP), Form D (ASEAN ATIGA), RCEP Form RCEP. Modern FTAs are moving to self-certification by exporter or importer.