Cannabis status by country

Federally illegal as Schedule I; 24+ states have legalised recreational use, 38+ have medical cannabis. Hemp-derived products under 0.3% THC are federally legal under the 2018 Farm Bill.

Recreational cannabis legal nationally since 2018 under the Cannabis Act. Federally regulated by Health Canada. Cross-border carriage remains a federal offence.

Personal possession of up to 25 g + cultivation of 3 plants legal since April 2024 (Cannabis Act / CanG). Cannabis Social Clubs from July 2024. Commercial sale not yet permitted; medical cannabis prescriptions covered.

Cannabis remains illegal but personal-use possession + sale in licensed coffeeshops is tolerated under the gedoogbeleid policy. Medical cannabis available via Office of Medicinal Cannabis. Cross-border carriage prosecutable.

Cannabis decriminalised June 2022 then largely recriminalised June 2025 — recreational use prohibited again, medical use requires Thai-licensed practitioner prescription. Tourist carriage prosecutable.

First country in the world to legalise commercial cannabis (2013). State-controlled supply via pharmacies; tourists cannot purchase. Cannabis Social Clubs and home cultivation also permitted.

Constitutional Court ruled in 2018 that personal use + private cultivation is legal. Commercial sale not yet regulated. Cannabis for Private Purposes Act passed 2024 codifies the framework.

Adult cannabis for personal use illegal but enforced as administrative penalty (CHF 100 fine). CH+ pilot trials in Basel, Zurich, Bern allow controlled recreational sale. Medical cannabis legal since August 2022.

Cannabis Control Act 1948 prohibits all cannabis use. CBD products legal only if from cannabis stems / seeds with zero detectable THC. Tourist carriage attracts up to 7 years imprisonment (10 years for trafficking).

Misuse of Drugs Act categorises all cannabis as Class A. Mandatory death penalty for trafficking 500+ g; minimum 5 years imprisonment + caning for personal-use possession. Singapore prosecutes residents who use cannabis abroad before returning.

Federal Decree-Law 30 of 2021 made first-time cannabis offenders eligible for rehab rather than mandatory prison; second-offence carries 5+ years. UAE recently softened personal-use penalties but cross-border carriage remains a serious offence.

Recreational use illegal nationally; ACT and South Australia have decriminalised personal possession. Medical cannabis legal since 2016 through the SAS Authorised Prescriber pathway. CBD over-the-counter from 2021.

Class B controlled drug. Medical cannabis legal since November 2018 through specialist consultants. CBD products under the Novel Foods regime; THC residue must be under 1 mg per container.

Cannabis is comprehensively prohibited. Trafficking attracts the death penalty in some cases; personal-use offences carry imprisonment + corporal punishment.

Supreme Court declared prohibition unconstitutional in 2021; personal use up to 5 g decriminalised. Federal commercial sale framework still pending Congress action. Medical cannabis legal since 2017.